Antikkens filosofi

В своём труде «Поэтика» Аристотель размышляет о сущности поэзии и её видах, даёт определение трагедии и комедии. По его мнению, сущность поэзии заключается в её способности преодолевать детали повседневной жизни и видеть красоту и правду жизни, а не только описывать то, что произошло или может произойти. Аристотель утверждал, что «поэзия более философична и важнее истории». Чем отличаются историк и поэт? Что такое фабула? В чём секрет успеха поэтического произведения? Существуют ли общие правила написания стихотворных произведений? Обо всём этом узнаете из данного труда.Аристотель (348 г. до н.э. – 322 г. до н.э.) – древнегреческий философ, ученик Платона, воспитатель Александра Македонского. Аристотель создал целостную систему философии, охватывающую все сферы человеческого развития: политику, социологию, логику, физику, философию. Он разделил науки на теоретические и практические. К теоретическим наукам относятся физика, математика и теологическая философия (метафизика). К практическим – этика и политика. Наиболее известные труды Аристотеля: «Риторика», «Поэтика», «Метафизика», «Политика».

Трактат «Метафизика» - важнейшее из сочинений Аристотеля по теоретической философии. Это учение о причинах и началах бытия и знания, о том, что такое истинное бытие. Одна из главных тем трактата – рассмотрение взаимосвязи между идеальным и материальным. Аристотель опровергает учение Платона об идеях, как самостоятельных сущностях, отдельных от чувственных вещей. Форма – это действительность, материя – возможность. Движение - процесс непрерывный и бесконечный, но не безначальный. Почему все люди от природы тянутся к знаниям? Что такое мудрость? Что лежит в природе материи? Об этом и многом другом узнаете из труда Аристотеля «Метафизика».Аристотель (348 г. до н.э. – 322 г. до н.э.) – древнегреческий философ, ученик Платона, воспитатель Александра Македонского. Аристотель создал целостную систему философии, охватывающую все сферы человеческого развития: политику, социологию, логику, физику, философию. Он разделил науки на теоретические и практические. К теоретическим наукам относятся физика, математика и теологическая философия (метафизика). К практическим – этика и политика. Наиболее известные труды Аристотеля: «Риторика», «Поэтика», «Метафизика», «Политика».

«Риторика» - труд Аристотеля, рассматривающий роль речи как инструмент общественного взаимодействия. Риторика – теория ораторского искусства, приёмов и способов построения речи. За счёт умелого использования речи можно менять общественное мнение, разрешать противоречия, приходить к соглашениям. В этом труде собраны все составляющие успешного выступления. «Речь слагается из трёх элементов: из самого оратора, из предмета, о котором он говорит, и из лица, к которому он обращается; аудитория – конечная цель речи». Трактат не утратил своей актуальности и является учебником для тех, кто хочет ясно излагать свои мысли и освоить науку убеждения.Аристотель (348 г. до н.э. – 322 г. до н.э.) – древнегреческий философ, ученик Платона, воспитатель Александра Македонского. Аристотель создал целостную систему философии, охватывающую все сферы человеческого развития: политику, социологию, логику, физику, философию. Он разделил науки на теоретические и практические. К теоретическим наукам относятся физика, математика и теологическая философия (метафизика). К практическим – этика и политика. Наиболее известные труды Аристотеля: «Риторика», «Поэтика», «Метафизика», «Политика».

"De forestillinger, ideer og principper, vi lever på, har deres tilblivelseshistorie, og fordybelsen i denne kaster lys over åndens væsen og vilkår."Sådan begynder forordet til "Grækerånden. Tolv populære foredrag over åndshistorie". Bogen er en samlet udgave af tolv foredrag, der blev afholdt for eleverne på Kunstakademiet i København i vinteren 1901 af den danske forfatter og dramatiker P.A. Rosenberg. Formålet med foredragene var at undersøge kulturudviklingens gang gennem tiderne, og de fokuserer blandt andet på den græske kulturs åndstanke, hellenernes indvandring, græsk religion, gudetyper, den kulturhistoriske fremstilling af livet i den homeriske verden og meget mere.P.A. Rosenberg (1858-1935) var en dansk forfatter, dramatiker, lærer og foredragsholder. Han var uddannet i religionsfilosofi og underviste ved flere københavnske privatskoler. I stor kontrast til samtidens kulturradikalisme med Georg Brandes i spidsen, var Rosenbergs liv præget af en kristen verdensanskuelse, og han var stor fortaler for nationale traditioner i åndslivet. Han debuterede som forfatter med fortællingen "Af et digterliv" i 1881 og udgav efterfølgende en lang række skuespil, digte og fagbøger om blandt andre Herman Bang og Søren Kierkegaard.

El libro de los cinco anillos es la obra capital del pensamiento marcial japonés. Concebida inicialmente como manual de entrenamiento de los discpículos de la escuela del autor, se ha acabado convirtiendo en la base de toda la filosofía del samurai. Musashi revela en ella los secretos del Camino del Guerrero, la disciplina y la filosofía detrás de su modo de vida. Una obra tan influyente como inmortal.Este audiolibro está narrado en castellano.Miyamoto Musashi (1582-1645), conocido también como Niten o kensei, «santo del sable», fue un célebre samurai, maestro de esgrima, artista calígrafo y pintor. Con trece años tuvo su primer duelo a muerte, y a los quince emprendió una vida errante trufada de duelos y batallas que le llevaron a crear su propia escuela marcial: la legendaria Hyoho Niten Ichi Ryu. Su vida ha sido llevada numerosas veces al cine.

"Opdragelsens stormænd" er en bog om de store skikkelser i historien inden for dannelse, opdragelse og retsstat. Forfatter og filosof Axel Dam skildrer forskellige filosofiske skoler, herunder Sokrates, Rousseau og filantropisterne. Dam var en af de første i Danmark til at fokusere på og interessere sig for pædagogikken i indlæring og dannelse og han skrev udover "Opdragelsens stormænd" en lang række bøger og artikler på området.Axel Dam (1868-1936) var en dansk filosof, underviser og politiker. Han studerede sprog, filosofi og pædagogik ved Københavns Universitet underviste efterfølgende på lærerseminariet i København. Sammen med læge og filosof Severin Christensen og filosof C.N. Starcke stiftede han det politiske parti Danmarks retsforbund og blev i 1926 valgt ind i folktinget. Som redaktør og forfatter stod Dam bag en række tidsskrifter og bøger om retsstaten, psykologi og pædagogik.

Millainen on taydellinen ja oikeudenmukainen ihannevaltio? Tahan kysymykseen Platon pyrki vastaamaan perinpohjaisessa dialogissaan Valtio, joka yhdistelee poliittista filosofiaa, etiikkaa ja ideaoppia. Platonin tunnetuin teos kuvaa oikeudenmukaista valtiorakennetta hyvan elaman ja onnellisuuden perustana seka sisaltaa kuuluisan luolavertauksen. Valtiota on pidetty yhtena merkittavimpana teoksena lansimaiden filosofisessa kirjallisuudessa.-

Der beliebte norwegische Hobbydetektiv, Weinkenner und Gourmet Fredric Drum lost dieses Mal in Italien einen mysteriosen Fall: Als Dechiffrierungsexperte soll er in Ofanes bei Neapel im Auftrag der Universitat Rom eine geheimnisvolle alte griechische Schrift untersuchen. Doch schon bald befindet er sich inmitten eines Spiels auf Leben und Tod, bei dem ein Morder sein Unwesen treibt und Drum scheinbar an seiner Arbeit hindern will. Ein Roman voller Spannung, teuflischer Kodexe und exotischer Mysterien!-

"Staten" af Platon er et af de mest indflydelsesrige værker fra antikken, og helt op i det tyvende århundrede har et bredt udvalg af politiske ideologier ladet sig inspirere af hans tanker.Hartvig Frischs bog gennemgår nogle af de vigtigste elementer fra antikkens politiske filosofi med afsæt i Platons "Staten". Han undersøger blandt andet Platons syn på retfærdighed, som det bedst kan komme til udtryk i en stat, samt hvordan Platons idealer kan ses i den kommunistiske ideologi."Platons stat" udkom første gang i 1924.Hartvig Frisch (1893-1950) var en dansk forfatter, klassisk filolog og politiker, der fra 1947 til 1950 var undervisningsminister for Socialdemokratiet. I forbindelse med besættelsen spillede Hartvig Frisch en omstridt rolle, da han udtalte sig kritisk om både nazismen og visse af modstandsbevægelsens handlinger. Som undervisningsminister indførte Hartvig Frisch i 1948 retskrivningsreformen, som blandt andet ændrede "aa" til "å" og "vilde" til "ville". Mange af Hartvig Frisch’ bøger handler om Danmark under anden verdenskrig, mens en del af hans andre bøger beskæftiger sig med antikkens verden.

Sokrates maarattiin kuolemaan oikeudenkaynnissa, jonka lopputulosta kaikki eivat hyvaksyneet. "e;Sokrateen puolustuspuhe"e; koostuu kolmesta kuuluisasta puheesta, jotka tehtiin Sokrateen puolustukseksi.Puheissa kasitellaan Sokratekseen kohdistettuja syytoksia ja kaydaan lapi erilaisia rangaistusvaihtoehtoja seka pohditaan pian koittavaa kuolemaa. Antiikin ajalta on sailynyt muutamia Sokrateelle kirjoitettuja puolustuspuheita, joista Platonin kirjoittama on tunnetuin. Kyseessa on Platonin varhaisin teos.-

Teoksessaan Phaidros Platon kuvaa Sokrateen ja Phaidroksen dialogia sielun filosofiasta. Vaikka kirjoitus keskittyykin rakkauden tematiikkaan, se nostaa ennen kaikkea esiin Platonin kasityksen hyvasta puhetaidosta. Phaidroksessa Platon kuvaa erityisesti retoriikan oppeja seka taiteen esittamisen sielukkuutta filosofisen keskustelun kautta. -

Aristotle's Poetics is best known for its definition and analysis of tragedy and comedy, but it also applies to truth and beauty as they are manifested in the other arts. In our age, when the natural and social sciences have dominated the quest for truth, it is helpful to consider why Aristotle claimed: "poetry is more philosophical and more significant than history." Like so many other works by Aristotle, the Poetics has dominated the way we have thought about all forms of dramatic performance in Europe and America ever since. The essence of poetry lies in its ability to transcend the particulars of everyday experience and articulate universals, not merely what has happened but what might happen and what ought to happen. Perhaps the greatest tribute to Aristotle comes from St. Thomas Aquinas who, in the 13th century, simply referred to him as "the Philosopher" and called him the master of those who know. Born in northeastern Greece, Aristotle went to Athens as a young man to study in Plato’s Academy where he remained for more than 20 years. When Plato died, he left the Academy, and four years later he returned to Macedonia to tutor the king’s son who quickly became Alexander the Great, the ruler of most of the civilized world. Like Plato, Aristotle’s writings extend far beyond what we currently call philosophy, including the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities.

Ateenan kulttuurieliitti jarjestaa monipaivaiset pidot, joihin osallistuu taiteilijoita, poliitikkoja ja ajattelijoita - mukaan lukien antiikin Kreikan tunnetuin filosofi Sokrates. Platon kuvaa dialogimuodossa Sokrateen ja muun juhlavaen puheita Erokselle, rakkauden jumalalle. Puheet yltyvat syvalliseen pohdintaan rakastamisen merkityksesta seka rakkauden ja filosofian ikiaikaisesta erottamattomuudesta. -

I århundreder har filosofien haft indflydelse på alverdens civilisationer, og ikke mindst har den europæiske kultur draget megen nytte af filosofien. David Favrholdts bog giver en kort og præcis introduktion til en række filosofiske problemstillinger og forklarer den mindre velbevandrede læser, hvorfor filosofi er vigtig, og hvad den har af betydning for den verden, vi lever i. Bogen henvender sig til alle, der har lyst til at snuse til filosofien, og den lægger op til videre selvstudium, hvis man finder nogle af emnerne særligt interessante.David Favrholdt (1931-2012) var en dansk filosof, der skrev en lang række bøger om blandt andet bevidsthedsfilosofi, videnskabsteori og erkendelse. Han stod endvidere bag flere bøger om Niels Bohr. David Favrholdt uddannet cand.psych. og mag.art. i psykologi og filosofi. I 1966 blev han professor ved Odense Universitet, hvor han forblev frem til, at han trak sig tilbage i 2001 og blev professor emeritus.

Nel celeberrimo processo a Socrate, il filosofo viene accusato di corruzione dei giovani e di venerazione di una divinità non tradizionale. Nel corso del processo Socrate, ormai spacciato, si difende esponendo un’apologia, riportata da Platone, che è riecheggiata nella storia dei secoli. La "Apologia" è una dei quattro testi che narrano gli ultimi giorni di vita di Socrate.Platone (circa 428-348 d.C.) è stato un filosofo di Atene nel periodo classico dell’Antica Grecia. Il suo pensiero ha avuto un’influenza eccezionale nella storia della filosofia ed egli è spesso considerato il fondatore della filosofia politica occidentale. Alfred North Whitehead ha sostenuto che "tutta la storia della filosofia occidentale non è che una serie di note a margine su Platone".

Gorgias of Leontini, a famous teacher of rhetoric, has come to Athens to recruit students, promising to teach them how to become leaders in politics and business. A group has gathered at Callicles' house to hear Gorgias demonstrate the power of his art. This dialogue blends comic and serious discussion of the best life, providing a penetrating examination of ethics. Is it better to suffer evil or to do evil? Is it better to do something wrong and avoid being caught or to be caught and punished? Is pleasure the same as goodness? As the characters in the dialogue pursue these questions, the foundations of ethics and the nature of the good life come to light.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Socrates questions Ion, an actor who just won a major prize, about his ability to interpret the epic poetry of Homer. How does an actor, a poet, or any other artist create? Is it by knowing? Is it by inspiration? As the dialogue proceeds, the nature of human creativity emerges as a mysterious process and an unsolved puzzle. Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

After Socrates is sentenced to death by the Athenian court, his friend Crito comes to the prison to help him escape and go to another country. Socrates responds by saying that he would accept Crito’s offer only if he can be convinced that it is right and just to do so. This dialogue is not only about Socrates’ particular choice but also about the very essence of law and community.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Perception, memory, truth, and knowledge all play major roles in this dialogue. What is remarkable about Plato’s treatment of those ideas is how contemporary are both the questions and the answers he puts in the mouths of his characters. Socrates is adamant in asserting that he does not know the answers but that his function is simply to help formulate and critically examine the doctrines presented by others. While he was still alive, the great sophist Protagoras was a friend of Theodorus who has subsequently given up abstract philosophical inquiry and now teaches mathematics, astronomy, and logic to young people such as Theaetetus, the most gifted student he has ever encountered. Socrates examines young Theaetetus to determine whether or not what he has learned from Theodorus provides wisdom and truth. The analogies and metaphors that emerge during their conversation foreshadow the theories of mind favored by contemporary cognitive scientists, but Plato’s dialogue also raises serious doubts about the cogency of those explanations. Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

In Euthyphro, Socrates is on his way to the court where he must defend himself against serious charges brought by religious and political authorities. On the way, he meets Euthyphro, an expert on religious matters, who has come to prosecute his own father. Socrates questions Euthyphro’s claim that religion serves as the basis for ethics. Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Socrates is on trial for his life. He is charged with impiety and corrupting young people. He presents his own defense, explaining why he has devoted his life to challenging the most powerful and important people in the Greek world. The reason is that rich and famous politicians, priests, poets, and a host of others pretend to know what is good, true, holy, and beautiful, but when Socrates questions them they are shown to be foolish rather than wise.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Art is the creative manifestation of essences. In order to understand the relation between art and reality, we need a philosophical guide. The best way to comprehend how the creative act of imagining enables the mind to seek reality is to employ the kind of dialectical thinking that Plato used in his dialogues. Beginning with the shadows on the wall of the cave in which each person dwells, that process gradually enables us to grasp the essences that are manifested in individual works of art. Without a philosophical guide, we are likely to encounter only a blur of images in the visual arts, a cacophony of sounds in music, a whirl of activity in the theater, and chaos in the building of cities. It is too much to expect a set of final answers to any serious question about what is true, good, or beautiful. If we abandon the quest for reality, we settle for too little. Plato’s dialectical approach offers a path between Scylla and Charybdis.Albert A. Anderson, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Babson College in Massachusetts, where he held an endowed chair as Murata Professor of Ethics from 1995 to 2003. He has also held tenured faculty appointments in philosophy at Clark University and Albion College and full-time positions at Bates College and Rhode Island School of Design. He was a founding member of the International Society for Universal Dialogue serving as its president from 1996-2001. He joined Edward Casey in translating from French "The Phenomenology of Aesthetic Experience" by Mikel Dufrenne (Northwestern University Press). He is president of Agora Publications, Inc., which specializes in translating, adapting, and performing classical philosophical texts.

Hippias of Elis travels throughout the Greek world practicing and teaching the art of making beautiful speeches. On a rare visit to Athens, he meets Socrates who questions him about the nature of his art. Socrates is especially curious about how Hippias would define beauty. They agree that "beauty makes all beautiful things beautiful," but when Socrates presses him to say precisely what he means, Hippias is unable to deliver such a definition. The more Socrates probes, the more absurd the responses from Hippias become. This is one of Plato’s best comedies and one of his finest efforts at posing the philosophical problem of the difference between particular things and universal qualities.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

The dramatic nature of Plato’s dialogues is delightfully evident in the "Symposium." The marriage between character and thought bursts forth as the guests gather at Agathon’s house to celebrate the success of his first tragedy. With wit and insight, they each present their ideas about love — from Erixymachus’s scientific naturalism to Aristophanes’ comic fantasy. The unexpected arrival of Alcibiades breaks the spell cast by Diotima’s ethereal climb up the staircase of love to beauty itself. Ecstasy and intoxication clash as Plato concludes with one of his most skillful displays of dialectic.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

The "Dao De Jing" exists on the border between poetry and philosophy, embracing both mythos and logos. Its poetic form can stand alone, but it is enriched when its timeless ideas are analyzed and explained through careful scholarship. For example: "He who knows others is knowledgeable. He who knows himself is wise." These words resemble Socrates’ account of his own quest in Plato’s "Apology". Ancient philosophy, both in China and in Greece, places self-knowledge at the center of the search for wisdom. Contemporary philosophers are often misled about this way of thinking, because the self has been detached from external things and separated from nature and society. The wisdom of China and of Europe unites human existence and nature.Lao Zi was a scholar responsible for the imperial archives in China. He was a contemporary of Confucius, but most of what is told about his life is considered to be legend rather than documented history. One story says that Lao Zi grew weary of the foolish ways of his fellow human beings and headed to the desert to die. On the way, the gatekeeper recognized him and persuaded him to transcribe his wisdom before leaving. Whatever its source, the "Dao De Jing" continues to shape the consciousness of human beings throughout the globe, turning the mind from the external world to the depths of the soul.

The "Republic" poses questions that endure: What is justice? What form of community fosters the best possible life for human beings? What is the nature and destiny of the soul? What form of education provides the best leaders for a good republic? What are the various forms of poetry and the other arts, which ones should be fostered, and which ones should be discouraged? How does knowing differ from believing? Several characters in the dialogue present a variety of tempting answers to those questions. Cephalus, Polemarchus, Thrasymachus, and Glaucon all offer definitions of justice. Socrates, Glaucon, and Adeimantus explore five different forms of republic and evaluate the merit of each from the standpoint of goodness. Two contrasting models of education are proposed and examined. Three different forms of poetry are identified and analyzed. The difference between knowing and believing is discussed in relation to the objects of each kind of thinking.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Socrates is in prison, sentenced to die when the sun sets. In this final conversation, he asks what will become of him once he drinks the poison prescribed for his execution. Socrates and his friends examine several arguments designed to prove that the soul is immortal. This quest leads him to the broader topic of the nature of mind and its connection not only to human existence but also to the cosmos itself. What could be a better way to pass the time between now and the sunset?Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

A dialogue between Socrates and Meno probes the subject of ethics. Can goodness be taught? If it can, then we should be able to find teachers capable of instructing others about what is good and bad, right and wrong, or just and unjust. Socrates and Meno are unable to identify teachers of ethics, and we are left wondering how such knowledge could be acquired. To answer that puzzle, Socrates questions one of Meno’s servants in an attempt to show that we know fundamental ideas by recollecting them.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Plato’s dialogues frequently cover several topics and show their connection to each other. The "Phaedrus" is a model of that skill because of its seamless progression from examples of speeches about the nature of love to mythical visions of human nature and destiny to the essence of beauty and, finally, to a penetrating discussion of speaking and writing. It ends with an examination of the love of wisdom as a dialectical activity in the human mind.Plato lived in Athens, Greece. He wrote approximately two-dozen dialogues that explore core topics that are essential to all human beings. Although the historical Socrates was a strong influence on Plato, the character by that name that appears in many of his dialogues is a product of Plato’s fertile imagination. All of Plato’s dialogues are written in a poetic form that his student Aristotle called "Socratic dialogue." In the twentieth century, the British philosopher and logician Alfred North Whitehead characterized the entire European philosophical tradition as "a series of footnotes to Plato." Philosophy for Plato was not a set of doctrines but a goal — not the possession of wisdom but the love of wisdom. Agora Publications offers these performances based on the assumption that Plato wrote these works to be performed by actors in order to stimulate additional dialogue among those who listen to them.

Aristotle's Poetics is best known for its definition and analysis of tragedy and comedy, but it also applies to truth and beauty as they are manifested in the other arts. In our age, when the natural and social sciences have dominated the quest for truth, it is helpful to consider why Aristotle claimed: "poetry is more philosophical and more significant than history." Like so many other works by Aristotle, the Poetics has dominated the way we have thought about all forms of dramatic performance in Europe and America ever since. The essence of poetry lies in its ability to transcend the particulars of everyday experience and articulate universals, not merely what has happened but what might happen and what ought to happen. Perhaps the greatest tribute to Aristotle comes from St. Thomas Aquinas who, in the 13th century, simply referred to him as "the Philosopher" and called him the master of those who know. Born in northeastern Greece, Aristotle went to Athens as a young man to study in Plato’s Academy where he remained for more than 20 years. When Plato died, he left the Academy, and four years later he returned to Macedonia to tutor the king’s son who quickly became Alexander the Great, the ruler of most of the civilized world. Like Plato, Aristotle’s writings extend far beyond what we currently call philosophy, including the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities.